Backup (mysql dump) all your MySQL databases in separate files

The below is the bash script to take mysql dump seperately

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#! /bin/bash

TIMESTAMP=$(date +"%F")
BACKUP_DIR="/backup/$TIMESTAMP"
MYSQL_USER="backup"
MYSQL=/usr/bin/mysql
MYSQL_PASSWORD="password"
MYSQLDUMP=/usr/bin/mysqldump

mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR

databases=`$MYSQL --user=$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD -e "SHOW DATABASES;" | grep -Ev "(Database|information_schema)"`

for db in $databases; do
  $MYSQLDUMP --force --opt --user=$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD --databases $db | gzip > "$BACKUP_DIR/mysql/$db.gz"
done
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HOW TO CREATE SSL SELF SIGNED CERTIFICATE ( UBUNTU )

About SSL Certificates

A SSL certificate is a way to encrypt a site's information and create a more secure connection. Additionally, the certificate can show the virtual private server's identification information to site visitors. Certificate Authorities can issue SSL certificates that verify the server's details while a self-signed certificate has no 3rd party corroboration.

Set Up

Additionally, you need to have apache already installed and running on your virtual server.
If this is not the case, you can download it with this command:

sudo apt-get install apache2

Step One—Activate the SSL Module

---

The next step is to enable SSL on the droplet.

sudo a2enmod ssl

Follow up by restarting Apache.

sudo service apache2 restart

Step Two—Create a New Directory

---

We need to create a new directory where we will store the server key and certificate

sudo mkdir /etc/apache2/ssl 

Step Three—Create a Self Signed SSL Certificate

---

When we request a new certificate, we can specify how long the certificate should remain valid by changing the 365 to the number of days we prefer. As it stands this certificate will expire after one year.

sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key -out /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt

With this command, we will be both creating the self-signed SSL certificate and the server key that protects it, and placing both of them into the new directory.

This command will prompt terminal to display a lists of fields that need to be filled in.

The most important line is "Common Name". Enter your official domain name here or, if you don't have one yet, your site's IP address.

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:US
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:New York
Locality Name (eg, city) []:NYC
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:Awesome Inc
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Dept of Merriment
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:example.com                  
Email Address []:webmaster@awesomeinc.com

Step Four—Set Up the Certificate

---

Now we have all of the required components of the finished certificate.The next thing to do is to set up the virtual hosts to display the new certificate.

Open up the SSL config file:

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/default

You should make the following changes.

Change the port on the virtual host to 443, the default SSL port:

<VirtualHost *:443>

Add a line with your server name right below the Server Admin email:

ServerName example.com:443

Replace example.com with your DNS approved domain name or server IP address (it should be the same as the common name on the certificate).

Add in the following three lines to the end of your virtual host configuration, and make sure that they match the extensions below:

SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key

Save and Exit out of the file.

Step Five—Activate the New Virtual Host

---

Before the website that will come on the 443 port can be activated, we need to enable that Virtual Host:

sudo a2ensite default

You are all set. Restarting your Apache server will reload it with all of your changes in place. 

sudo service apache2 reload

In your browser, type https://youraddress, and you will be able to see the new certificate.

INITIAL BEANSTALK GIT COMMIT TO MASTER BRANCH

Getting Started with Git & Creating your Repository

After you have installed Git, you need to setup the repository in your account and generate an SSH key.
yum install git-core (this is for centos)
apt-get install git-core (this is for ubuntu )
Once installed, we recommend initializing Git. run the following commands.
git config --global user.name "kirthan"
git config --global user.email "kirthan@example.com"
Use your full name and email address, and by this you will setup Git for your purposes. You need to do this only once, the first time you install Git.

Start using Git

There are many different ways to use your Git repository. Since Git is very flexible you can start using your repository easily by importing, cloning, and many other ways.
We will show you couple of common ways to start using your Git repository.

Starting from scratch

To start using your repository from scratch, in your command line type the following:
mkdir my-project
cd my-project
git init
echo "This is my new project on Beanstalk." > README
git add README
git commit -m "My first commit."
git remote add beanstalk https://example.git.beanstalkapp.com/my-project.git
git push beanstalk master
With the commands above, you will create a folder, add a file to it, make your first commit, and push the changes to your repository, to master branch. Master branch is the default branch to use for your files.

Import existing files on your computer

To import your existing files from your local machine type the following in your command line:
cd my-project
git init
git remote add beanstalk https://example.git.beanstalkapp.com/my-project.git
git add .
git commit -m "Importing my project to Git, without saving history."
git push beanstalk master

Installing Redmine on CentOS 6.2

Installing Redmine on CentOS 6.2 Wiht MySQL and Apache

Jul 6th, 2012

I needed recently to install the excellent project management tool Redmine on a CentOS 6.2 machine. There are some tutorials on the Web (here or here) but they are a little bit outdated. The following is a method that works as of today.

Pre-requisites

Logged as root, install the following packages:

1	yum install make gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel ruby-devel rubygems ruby-libs apr-devel apr-util-devel httpd-devel mysql-devel mysql-server automake autoconf ImageMagick ImageMagick-devel curl-devel

And then install the bundle ruby gem:

1	gem install bundle

Install Redmine

Redmine is installed with the following commmands:

1 2 3 4 5

cd /var/www wget http://rubyforge.org/frs/download.php/76255/redmine-1.4.4.tar.gz tar zxf redmine-1.4.4.tar.gz ln -s redmine-1.4.4 redmine rm -f redmine-1.4.4.tar.gz

Install Redmine ruby dependencies

Bundle helps us install the ruby Redmine dependencies:

1 2	cd /var/www/redmine bundle install --without postgresql sqlite test development

Database creation

First we start MySQL:

1	service mysqld start

Then we secure it (Optional):

1	mysql_secure_installation

We then create the redmine database and user:

1 2 3 4 5

$ mysql mysql> create database redmine character set utf8; mysql> grant all privileges on redmine.* to 'redmine'@'localhost' identified by 'my_password'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> quit

Redmine database configuration

We copy the database configuration example and we modify it to point to our newly created database:

1 2	cd /var/www/redmine/config copy database.yml.example database.yml

On the database.yml file, the production section should look like this:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

production: adapter: mysql database: redmine host: localhost username: redmine password: my_password encoding: utf8

And then we create and populate the database with the following rake commands:

1 2 3 4

cd /var/www/redmine rake generate_session_store rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV="production" rake redmine:load_default_data RAILS_ENV="production"

Outgoing email configuration (Optional)

To configure an outgoing SMTP server for sending emails, we create the config/configuration.yml file from the sample:

1 2	cd /var/www/redmine/config cp configuration.yml.example configuration.yml

And edit it to provide our configuration :

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

production: email_delivery: delivery_method: :smtp smtp_settings: address: "smtp.mydomain.com" port: 25 domain: "mydomain.com"

Redmine standalone testing

At this point, Redmine can be tested in standalone mode by running the following command:

1 2	cd /var/www/redmine/ ruby script/server webrick -e production

and open the http://localhost:3000 addess in a browser. If you are testing from another computer, you will need to open the port in the /etc/sysconfig/iptables file by duplicating the ssh (port 22) line and adapting it:

1 2	-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3000 -j ACCEPT

Then apply the new configuration with the following command:

1	service iptables restart

Passenger installation

To install Phusion passenger, we firts install its gem:

1	gem install passenger

And then install the Apache module with the command:

1	passenger-install-apache2-module

Apache configuration

We remove the default Apache configuration and replace it by a new one:

1 2 3

cd /etc/httpd mv conf.d available mkdir conf.d

In the empty new conf.d folder, we create a redmine.conf file with the following configuration:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

# Loading Passenger LoadModule passenger_module /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-3.0.13/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so PassengerRoot /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-3.0.13 PassengerRuby /usr/bin/ruby <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName redmine.mycompany.com DocumentRoot /var/www/redmine/public <Directory /var/www/redmine/public> # This relaxes Apache security settings. AllowOverride all # MultiViews must be turned off. Options -MultiViews allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog "|/usr/sbin/rotatelogs /etc/httpd/logs/redmine-error.%Y-%m-%d.log 86400" CustomLog "|/usr/sbin/rotatelogs /etc/httpd/logs/redmine-access.%Y-%m-%d.log 86400" "%h %l %u %t %D \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" </VirtualHost>

We then enable named based virtual hosting for our server by uncomenting the following line in the /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf file:

1 2 3 4 5 6

... # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # NameVirtualHost *:80 ...

We give full access on the redmine folder to the apache user and test the configuration:

1 2	chown -R apache:root /var/www/redmine service httpd configtest

At this point, the SELinux configuration needs to be modified to allow our apache instance to run the phusion passenger module. You can do this by putting SELinux in permissive mode:

1	setenfore Permissive

And letting the Permissive mode survive a reboot by modifyin the /etc/selinux/config file from:

1	SELINUX=enforcing

to

1	SELINUX=permissive

If you want to run redmine while enforcing, you may want to apply the method described here for which you will need to install the policycoreutils-python package.
In any case, you will start Apache with the command:

1	service httpd start

Now you can access your Redmine installation with your browser. To access it from all the computers in your network, you will need to open the port 80 in the /etc/sysconfig/iptables. You can replace the 3000 rule by :

1 2	-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

And restart iptables.

1	service iptables restart

Start services at boot

To have MySQL and Apache started at boot, run the commands:

1 2	chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on chkconfig --level 345 httpd on

Cleaning up

A quick command to clean up all the devel stuff needed for installation:

1	yum remove '*-devel' make automake autoconf

Tips

Don’t forget that if you change your Redmine configuration, you don’t have to restart Apache. Your can restart only Redmine with the command:

1	touch /var/www/redmine/tmp/restart.txt

If you restore data on your server from another redmine instance that runs on a previous version, dont forget to migrate your data:

1 2	cd /var/www/redmine rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV="production"

Kill process in Linux or terminate a process in Linux systems

Kill process using kill command under Linux/UNIX

kill command works under both Linux and UNIX/BSD like operating systems.

Step #1: First, you need to find out process PID (process id)

Use ps command or pidof command to find out process ID (PID). Syntax:
ps aux | grep processname
pidof processname
For example if process name is lighttpd, you can use any one of the following command to obtain process ID:
# ps aux | grep lighttpd
# pidof lighttpd
Output:

3486

Step #2: kill process using PID (process id)

Above command tell you PID (3486) of lighttpd process. Now kill process using this PID:
# kill 3486
OR
# kill -9 3486
Where,

• -9 is special Kill signal, which will kill the process.

killall command examples

DO NOT USE killall command on UNIX system (Linux only command). You can also use killall command. The killall command kill processes by name (no need to find PID):
# killall -9 lighttpd
Kill Firefox process:
# killall -9 firefox-bin

Installing Zend Server Community Edition (CE) on Ubuntu

Installing Zend Server Community Edition (CE) on Ubuntu With Phpmyadmin .


Start by adding the official Zend debs to your distribution.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

And the following snipplet in the bottom of the file
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
deb http://repos.zend.com/zend-server/deb server non-free
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Add the Zend’s repository public key

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
wget http://repos.zend.com/zend.key -O- | sudo apt-key add -
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Now synchronize the repositories

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sudo apt-get update
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Finally install Zend Server with PHP 5.3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sudo apt-get install zend-server-ce-php-5.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

All done, you now have Zend Server Community Edition installed!

Now we are Mysql
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
And then MySQL:

#apt-get install mysql-server

#service mysqld start

#mysql_install_db

#/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

#chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on





Install phpmyadmin : 

#apt-get install phpmyadmin-zend-server-php-5.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#vi /usr/local/zend/gui/lighttpd/etc/lighttpd.conf
Search for 'phpmyadmin' and you should find the following code block:

$HTTP["remoteip"] !~ "127.0.0.1" {
  $HTTP["url"] =~ "^/phpmyadmin/" {
    url.access-deny = ( "" )
    server.errorfile-prefix = "//usr/local/zend/gui/lighttpd/share/lighttpd-custom-errors/errorcode-"
  }
}

 
To disable the security completely, you can simply comment out this block. Alternatively, just replace the IP Address with your own. Finally, we need to add Zend's bin and lib directories to the system path and restart Zend.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#vi /etc/profile

 Add the following lines to the very end of this file:

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/zend/bin
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/zend/lib

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

nohup Execute Commands After You Exit From a Shell Prompt

nohup command :

Answer is simple, use nohup utility which allows to run command./process or shell script that can continue running in the background after you log out from a shell:

nohup Syntax:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#nohup command-name &

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where,

• command-name : is name of shell script or command name. You can pass argument to command or a shell script.
• & : nohup does not automatically put the command it runs in the background; you must do that explicitly, by ending the command line with an & symbol.

By the above command you can run the process in background .

Reverse proxy on virtualhost

Run node.js on apache


                                     The problem with Subsonic is that it runs on Node.js on a non-standard port. The rest of my web applications run in Apache on port 80. Therefore, it would be nice if instead of having to go to http://example.com:8180/subsonic/, I could simply go to http://example.com. The solution is called a reverse proxy. Reverse proxies can do things like load balance between multiple web servers or simply make resources on an internal web server available externally. In this case, I am using a reverse proxy to make a web application available on a different port available on the standard port 80.
The set up is fairly simple. On Ubuntu, it should be as simple as issuing this command (as root) to enable the proxy modules:


<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /var/www/vhosts/path/to/folder
ServerName example.com

ErrorLog /var/www/vhosts/loh/logs/error_log
CustomLog /var/www/vhosts/loh/logs/access_log combined

<Directory /var/www/vhosts/path/to/folder>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
<Proxy *>
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Proxy>
<Location />
ProxyPass http://example.com:8180/
ProxyPassReverse http://example.com/
</Location>
</VirtualHost>

Backup and Restore MySQL Database Using mysqldump Command

Using mysqldump, you can backup a local database and restore it on a remote database at the same time, using a single command. In this article, let us review several practical examples on how to use mysqldump to backup and restore.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

backup: # mysqldump -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] > dumpfilename.sql 

restore:# mysql -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] < dumpfilename.sql  

Access files from password proctected site

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#wget --user=username --password=password http://example.com/files.tar.gz
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Change username and password as your requirement from the above command .

How do I enable server-side includes on my site ?

How do I enable server-side includes on my site ?

• 1. #cd /to/your/site/folder

  2. #vi .htaccess

  3. and paste the below content in that 

     ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

     AddType text/html .shtml
     AddHandler server-parsed .shtml
     DirectoryIndex index.shtml index.html index.htm index.php
     Options +IncludesNoExec -ExecCGI 

     ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

  4.  thats it done .

Back up files in linux

The below is the script to backup files in linux :

• copy the below script and name example.sh

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/bash
#START

TIME=`date +"%b-%d-%y_%H-%M-%S"`            
FILENAME="backup-$TIME.tar.gz"     
SRCDIR="/path/to/source/folder"         #please change to your source folder         
DESDIR="/path/to/destination/folder"   # please change to your destination folder        
tar -cpzf $DESDIR/$FILENAME $SRCDIR

find /path/to/destination/folder/ -iname '*.tar.gz' -ctime +45 -exec rm -f {} \;  #please change to your destination folder
#END
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

•  And change the mode of file example.sh

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #chmod +x example.sh
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

• And move the examle.sh file  

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#mv example.sh /bin/

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

• Now edit crontab

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 #sudo crontab -e

 45 22 * * * example.sh    #Edit as your requirement

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------